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| 2005年10月4日2:55:13(京港台時間) |
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多倫多西Port Hope觀“三文魚”洄游
（星網編者注）Port Hope在多倫多以西約90公裡處﹐沿401高速公路西行即可抵達。以下為Port Hope區域圖及有關Ganaraska保護區9月15日發布的有關三文魚回流新聞稿﹐新聞稿說﹐觀賞期從8月下旬至10月上旬﹐主要集中在9月份。建議的觀賞地點在Cavan Street附近的Ganaraska河沿岸﹐以西側為佳﹕
Ganaraska RegionConservation Authority Press Release For Immediate Release September 15, 2005 Salmon Now Running Up The Ganaraska River(newstarnet.com)
Port Hope, ON - Each year as fall arrives salmon begin their annual spawning run up the Ganaraska River. This provides an excellent opportunity to view these magnificent fish as they migrate upstream past the Ganaraska River Fishway. (newstarnet.com)
Various species of salmon including Coho and Chinook salmon run up the river from late August to mid-October but the main concentration is in September. The eggs are laid in gravel depressions constructed by the females. These spawning beds are called redds. Anywhere from 2,000 to 17,000 eggs are laid in each redd. (Groot & Margolis, 1991) Although an average female will lay roughly 8,000 eggs the number of eggs depends on the size and condition of the female. High intra-populations and inter-populations will also make a difference. The number of eggs will vary from year to year and the number of eggs within a specific population can vary as well. The eggs will hatch in 4-7 weeks. Other salmonid species using the fishway in the fall include fall run steelhead (rainbow trout) and anadiomous (brown trout). (newstarnet.com)
The Ganaraska River Fishway was constructed in 1973 to help the fish get past Corbett's Dam and up to the superb spawning beds upstream. The Ganaraska River Fishway was made possible due to a joint venture of the Ganaraska Region Conservation Authority, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters, the Ganaraska Sportsmen's Association, the Municipality of Port Hope and a host of volunteers from Port Hope and the surrounding area. Prior to the construction of the fishway, fish were manually lifted over the barrier. (newstarnet.com)
The fishway is a 90-foot long concrete channel. Migrating fish jump up a series of nine pools each a foot higher than the previous one. Fishways are also called fish ladders. The fishway is designed to allow only the species that are wanted upstream to pass through its pools. (newstarnet.com)
People who intend to fish should be sure to have a fishing licence and a copy of the Fishing Regulations Summary as some special regulations apply. Fishing is not permitted from Highway 401 to Jocelyn Street. This sanctuary is in place to protect the large concentration of salmon as they rest and prepare to run up the steps of the fishway. (newstarnet.com)
The Ganaraska River Fishway is located 65 miles east of Toronto. To reach it, exit from Highway 401 at County Road 28 in Port Hope and head south. Proceed to Jocelyn Street and turn right. Turn right onto Cavan Street from Jocelyn Street and follow the road a short distance to the fishway. Although the best view of the running salmon is from the west side, parking is available on either side of the Ganaraska River. (newstarnet.com)
以下為楓下論壇網友連長所寫的游記十一游Port Hope觀“三文魚”洄游
(newstarnet.com)
看了rolia上wewang和blur還有i51it三位的帖子（感謝﹗）﹐我老人家決定要陪父母大人前去Port Hope觀看三文魚洄游。(newstarnet.com)
早上九點出發﹐從Mississauga一路向東﹐沿著HY４０１開車約一小時﹐到達４６４出口。一切順利﹗不過拐下高速就迷路了（哈哈﹐領導沒看地圖）。(newstarnet.com)
一腳油門兒踩到了湖邊兒公園。這裡實際上是個港口﹐是CANARASKA河流入安大略湖的出口處。河盡頭是兩個相對的燈塔。從水面就可看出和水與湖水有一道明顯的分界線。三文魚洄游CANARASKA河冒險之旅就是從這裡開始的。第一關就是碼頭兩邊一字排開的幾十位釣魚者。河水並不清澈﹐時而有三文魚跳出水面又落回水中﹐讓人知道下面還有大批的勇士在默默地潛行。(newstarnet.com)
看過了港口我們決定到小鎮轉一轉。出了公園向左一轉就是DOWNTOWN了。有一座漂亮的小教堂。下面的廣場上是當地的農貿市場﹐每周六早８點到１２點﹐五一到十一。今天正好是今年的最後一天。每個人都笑瞇瞇的。看得出小鎮生活的閑適。(newstarnet.com)
轉眼已是中午﹐飢腸轆轆的我們（因為老媽暈車大家都沒吃早點）一致同意去吃飯。在小鎮轉一下竟然發現一家中餐buffet﹐名叫Red Rice Restaurant﹐在Perter st.和Hope st.附近﹐A&P對過(125 Peter Street 905-885-1138)。$6.5/人﹐種類不是很多﹐但味道還不錯。用餐的清一色老外﹐只有我們一家中國人。和老板娘攀談﹐知道餐館已開了六七年了。(newstarnet.com)
吃飽後大家開始尋找傳說中的“水壩”。一致同意先要找到一份地圖。于是我們返回DOWNTOWN﹐在圖書館（離小教堂不遠）得到兩位管理員的熱情幫助。原來我們要找的地方叫CANARASKA FISH LADDER﹐就在401下來不遠處（出口461和464之間JOCELYN ST.）。更讓人感動的是一位在圖書館借書的白人婦女特意開車帶我們到水壩前。讓我們特別感受到小鎮加拿大人的熱情好客。(newstarnet.com)
CANARASKA FISH LADDER是個小水壩。在水壩下游的小溪一樣清撤的CANARASKA河裡﹐我們終于看到了期待已久的三文魚靜靜的排列者﹗象跳高運動員般默默積蓄力量﹐准備做全力一跳。(newstarnet.com)
水壩高４米﹐很陡峭﹐水流又淺又急﹐三文魚無法利用水力逆流而上。看到一些魚的跳躍嘗試都被水流打了回去。所幸設計師考慮了三文魚洄游的問題。在水壩的左下角特別設計了FISH LADDER的入口﹐大約有3英尺（0.9144米）高。既能讓魚通過﹐使大家能欣賞三文魚洄游的令人激動的景象﹐又能保證水壩的正常使用﹐更妙的是3英尺（0.9144米）高的第一級還可以有效的把SEA LAMPREY（大西洋七鰓鰻﹐魚類超級殺手）擋在外面﹐保證魚類在上游的安全。三文魚通過第一級LADDER後還有９級各高１英尺（0.3048米）的LADDER﹐而且每一級都有一個POOL﹐相對第一級容易多了。如此的精巧設計(1974年﹗)充分體現了對自然生態的高度重視和對自然環境的全力保護﹐值得我國設計師好好學習和借鑒。(newstarnet.com)
水壩頂上竟然嵌有一塊銅制碑文﹐讀了一下﹐是紀念一位叫ERNEST A. BROWN的老人(1995年去世)。老人一生巡河﹐保護魚類。大部分時間都是義工。讓人肅然起敬。(newstarnet.com)
在FISH LADDER的入口處兩邊心細的人們還放上帆布掛帘防止三文魚在混凝土水壩上撞傷。聰明的三文魚也很快發現FISH LADDER的入口並不斷嘗試﹐大家都為每一條成功越過入口的三文魚喝彩鼓勁兒。沿河的TRAIL可觀賞三文魚一群群逆流而上的奇景﹐讓你感覺離大自然如此之近﹐仿佛能溶入其中。(newstarnet.com)
不過經過連長仔細觀察﹐我們看到的“三文魚”竟然並不是真正的ATLANTIC SALMON﹗而是類似三文的RAINBOW TROUT﹗要知道真正的ATLANTIC SALMON的背鰭和尾鰭上是沒有斑點的﹐RAINBOW TROUT背鰭有斑點而且脂鰭(第二背鰭)也有斑點﹐另外RAINBOW TROUT尾鰭上有輻射狀的黑斑。和三文魚容易混淆的還有另外兩種TROUT﹕BROWN TROUT和BROOK TROUT。(newstarnet.com)
不知是不是我們來的晚了些（三文九月就開始洄游了）。或者有些在河中的我無法看到﹐這一點不能不說是小小的遺憾。也許明年我們再來能看到真正的ATLANTIC SALMON吧。(newstarnet.com)
連長Oct, 1/2005
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